madagascar muslim population

Members of some evangelical Protestant churches continued to report they experienced discrimination in employment practices due to their religious affiliation, especially those who observed a Saturday Sabbath. The political crisis of 1991 led to the suspension of IMF and World Bank assistance. [9] In the Middle East, the non-Arab countries of Turkey and . [58], Under colonial rule, plantations were established for the production of a variety of export crops. An unelected administration governed Madagascar following a 2009 coup, but the country returned to electoral politics in 2013. Office of the U.S. Today, Muslims constitute 37percent of the population of Madagascar and are largely concentrated in the northwestern provinces of Mahajanga and Antsiranana. In January 2019 the High Constitutional Court declared Rajoelina as the winner of the elections and the new president. Human settlement of Madagascar occurred during or before the mid first millennium AD[15] by Austronesian peoples, presumably arriving on outrigger canoes from present-day Indonesia. Malagasy peoples, the first Arabs to settle, In the southeast, The World Food Programme (WFP) and the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) are pleading for help from the international community, warning that 14,000 people are facing . [159] As of January 2017, 34 police officers from Madagascar are deployed in Haiti as part of the United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti. [34] As Merina dominance expanded over neighboring Malagasy peoples in the early 19th century to establish the Kingdom of Madagascar, Antananarivo became the center of administration for virtually the entire island. Many high-level technical positions were filled by French expatriates, and French teachers, textbooks and curricula continued to be used in schools around the country. which a large proportion of the Muslim population lacks. [147] Religious, ethnic and sexual minorities are protected under the law. [237], Western recreational activities were introduced to Madagascar over the past two centuries. To qualify for registration, a group must have at least 100 members and an elected administrative council of no more than nine members, all of whom must be citizens. Rugby union is considered the national sport of Madagascar. Excepting the brief presidency of Albert Zafy, from 1992 to 1996, Ratsiraka remained in power from 1975 to 2001 and failed to achieve significant improvements in education throughout his tenure. In November, a Muslim leader said there was fear within the Muslim community that the COVID-19 vaccine was a conspiracy on the part of the mainstream population to harm Muslims living in Madagascar. Madagascar has a population growth rate during 2020-2021 of 2.68 %. Many needs associated with women and youth are present in this diverse Islamic community. One of its largest age groups in Madagascar lies in the age 25-54 bracket (around 30.8% of the total population), which provides it with a large labor force that is available to take a large number of jobs and help in its development. This means that the population doubles about once every 25 years. madagascar muslim population madagascar muslim population. Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately 400 kilometers (250 miles) off the coast of East Africa across the Mozambique Channel. Religious leaders also cited discrepancies between the number of individuals permitted to attend religious services and the number permitted to take part in other public gatherings. ", "Madagascar: La Crise a un Tournant Critique? The young population, comprising of all individuals in the 15-24 years old age bracket, make up around 20.6% of the total population. Commissioned by Mercy Mission UK and written by principal investigator and researcher, Dr. Usaama al-Azami, the British Muslim Civil Society Report partly builds on the recently published census data for England and Wales, which found that Muslims now comprise 6.5 per cent of the population. In 2005, approximately 3% of the population was over 65 years of age, with another 45% of the population under 15 years of age. Madagascar Population Growth. However, education quality is weak, producing high rates of grade repetition and dropout. As of the end of 2020, (the most recent information available) the Ministry of Interior reported 383 officially registered religious groups, compared with 373 at the end of 2019. The Kingdom of Imerina, located in the central highlands with its capital at the royal palace of Antananarivo, emerged at around the same time under the leadership of King Andriamanelo. [225] Three Horses Beer is the most popular beer on the island[246] and is considered emblematic of Madagascar. Madagascar had 25,045,161 inhabitants in July 2017. Ethnicity of Madagascan Muslims (2021 estimate)[1], Islam has been well established in what is now known as Madagascar for centuries and today Muslims represent 2 to 25 percent of the total population. [24] It is proposed that Ma'anyan people were brought as laborers and slaves by Javanese and Malays in their trading fleets to Madagascar. Embassy officials interacted regularly with religious leaders, especially during the pandemic health emergency, to discuss the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on religious activities. Katesa Schlosser describes several in Africa (300, 67), and nearly as many movements are known from America. In addition to these traditional practices, 41% of the population are practicing Christians, 7% are Muslim. towards France. It is common to alternate between religious identities or to mix traditions, and many individuals hold a combination of indigenous and Christian or Muslim beliefs. More recently, Hinduism was introduced to Madagascar through Gujarati people immigrating from the Saurashtra region of India in the late 19th century. Residents of Madagascar could accuse one another of various crimes, including theft, Christianity and especially witchcraft, for which the ordeal of tangena was routinely obligatory. Around 62% of the world's Muslims live in Asia, with over 683 million adherents in such countries as Indonesia (the largest Muslim country by population, home to 15.6% of the world's Muslims [7] ), Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. "I try to go to the mosque on Fridays and at the weekend," says the 16-year-old Muslim, who has been enrolled in Catholic schools since primary education. The Prefect of Antananarivo announced on December 14 the reopening of the church after the members had reached a compromise. The nearest mainland state is Mozambique, located to the west. City officials in Antananarivo maintained limitations on the hours of service for the Vahao ny Oloko (Release my People) evangelical Christian church. A two-year resistance movement organized in response to the French capture of the royal palace was effectively put down at the end of 1897. A wide variety of oral and written literature has developed in Madagascar. [36] During Ravalomanana's first term, thousands of new primary schools and additional classrooms were constructed, older buildings were renovated, and tens of thousands of new primary teachers were recruited and trained. As of 2009[update], only 6.8percent of Madagascar's fokontany had access to water provided by Jirama, while 9.5percent had access to its electricity services. The population of Madagascar grew at 2.7% in the last year and is ranked the 15th most populated country in Africa, ahead of Cameroon. 632. According to the US Department of State, Muslims constitute 15 to 25 percent of the population as of 2020. The drugs vinblastine[100][101] and vincristine[100][102] are vinca alkaloids,[103][104] used to treat Hodgkin lymphoma,[105] leukemia,[106] and other cancers,[107] were derived from the Madagascar periwinkle. Associations engaging in dangerous or destabilizing activities may be disbanded or have their registration withdrawn. Reinforcements came from Algeria and Sub-Saharan Africa. All 651 species of terrestrial snail are endemic, as are a majority of the island's butterflies, scarab beetles, lacewings, spiders, and dragonflies. Its the worlds second-largest island country. [188] The government provides at least one basic health center per commune. [139] The courts, which adhere to civil law, lack the capacity to quickly and transparently try the cases in the judicial system, often forcing defendants to pass lengthy pretrial detentions in unsanitary and overcrowded prisons. Overall, the number of Muslims has been growing, as well as their share of the total world population. [33] Malagasy farmers embrace and perpetuate the practice not only for its practical benefits as an agricultural technique, but for its cultural associations with prosperity, health and venerated ancestral custom (fomba malagasy). The IMF agreed to write off half Madagascar's debt in 2004 under the Ravalomanana administration. The famadihana is an occasion to celebrate the beloved ancestor's memory, reunite with family and community, and enjoy a festive atmosphere. Salah Prayer. The MDRM was accused by the colonial regime of being at the origin of the 1947 insurrection and was pursued by violent repression. [59] Slavery was abolished in 1896 and approximately 500,000 slaves were freed; many remained in their former masters' homes as servants[60] or as sharecroppers; in many parts of the island strong discriminatory views against slave descendants are still held today. All 33 members of the Senate serve six-year terms, with 22 senators elected by local officials and 11 appointed by the president. [88] The island supplies 80% of the world's natural vanilla. Embassy officials also discussed Muslim citizenship issues with ministry officials and legislators. [87] The number of Europeans has declined since independence, reduced from 68,430 in 1958[71] to 17,000 three decades later. Factoid #282 In Somalia, more women are circumcised than men. In addition to the tradition of silk weaving and lamba production, the weaving of raffia and other local plant materials has been used to create a wide array of practical items such as floor mats, baskets, purses and hats. Embassy representatives periodically met with government officials to discuss common concerns among different religious faiths, including statelessness issues. [36] The first formal European-style school was established in 1818 at Toamasina by members of the London Missionary Society (LMS). Among Christians, Protestantism has the most adherents followed by Roman Catholicism. The country is home to seven terrestrial ecoregions: Madagascar lowland forests, Madagascar subhumid forests, Madagascar dry deciduous forests, Madagascar ericoid thickets, Madagascar spiny forests, Madagascar succulent woodlands, and Madagascar mangroves. patriarchal system of family and clan rule to Madagascar, which differed from Madagascar's population density is 118.84 people per square mile (45.89 people per square kilometer), making it the 135th most densely populated country in the world. In the later half of his second term, Ravalomanana was criticised by domestic and international observers who accused him of increasing authoritarianism and corruption. Madagascar is an island nation located off the east coast of Africa, and it is home to some of the most unique wildlife and culture in the world. [71] The Malagasy Republic was proclaimed on 14 October 1958, as an autonomous state within the French Community. Countries with the highest Muslim Population Although many may associate Islam with countries in the Middle East, nearly 62% of Muslims live in the Asia-Pacific region, according to the Pew Research Center analysis. Population: 60,000-70,000 Location and Background: The Gujarati, or Karana, of Madagascar are generally descended from immigrants from western India in the Gujarat province. [184] Wood carving is a highly developed art form, with distinct regional styles evident in the decoration of balcony railings and other architectural elements. To the west of this ridge lies a plateau in the center of the island ranging in altitude from 750 to 1,500m (2,460 to 4,920ft) above sea level. Under the law, for example, only Malagasy citizens could own land or property. Madagascar's history of significant population growth is expected to continue in the years to come, although the rate should decrease somewhat. Private health centers are concentrated within urban areas and particularly those of the central highlands. Below are all indicators in our database for which this country has a value. Sunni Islam is the most dominant Islam branch alongside small numbers of Shia . In the 18th and . [231] Madagascar also has a growing culture of classical music fostered through youth academies, organizations and orchestras that promote youth involvement in classical music. The Gujarati of India are known to be resourceful businessmen. [37], Madagascar's GDP in 2015 was estimated at US$9.98billion, with a per capita GDP of $411.82. Only in 4 provinces, Islam is a minority religion or below 50%, such as West Papua. Government initiatives such as a rural development program and state farms were established to boost production of commodities such as rice, coffee, cattle, silk and palm oil. 'Dominion Over Palm and Pine: Early Indonesias Maritime Reach', in Geoff Wade (ed. [156] Fifty-six percent of Madagascar's power is provided by hydroelectric power plants, with the remaining 44% provided by diesel engine generators. Former president Marc Ravalomana lost the second round and he did not accept the results because of allegations of fraud. You can add more than one country or area. [46], Radama's successor, Queen Ranavalona I (182861), responded to increasing political and cultural encroachment on the part of Britain and France by issuing a royal edict prohibiting the practice of Christianity in Madagascar and pressuring most foreigners to leave the territory. [1] Suriname has the highest percentage of Muslims in its population for the region, with 15.2% or 85,637 individuals, according to its 2010 census. Madagascar [DOS] 28,589,352 2,8 58,935 . Or is it Madagascan? [36], European contact began in 1500, when the Portuguese sea captain Diogo Dias sighted the island, while participating in the 2nd Armada of the Portuguese India Armadas. Upon independence from France in 1960, Madagascar began developing close ties with staunchly secular Soviet Union. Madagascar's economy quickly deteriorated as exports fell, industrial production dropped by 75percent, inflation spiked and government debt increased; the rural population was soon reduced to living at subsistence levels. In addition, they faced difficulties with access to education, healthcare, and employment. . [141] The next largest cities are Antsirabe (500,000), Toamasina (450,000) and Mahajanga (400,000). The malaria mortality rate is also among the lowest in Africa at 8.5 deaths per 100,000 people, in part because of the highest frequency use of insecticide treated nets in Africa. This settlement was established in 1513 at the behest of the viceroy of Portuguese India, Jeronimo de Azevedo. During Ramadan, it provided additional broadcast time to the Muslim community. The leader of a Muslim organization made a statement in local media criticizing the government for its failure to consult all entities, including the religious community, in setting the dates for official exams. The LMS was invited by King Radama I to expand its schools throughout Imerina to teach basic literacy and numeracy to aristocratic children. [129] A July 2012 assessment found that the exploitation of natural resources since 2009 has had dire consequences for the island's wildlife: 90percent of lemur species were found to be threatened with extinction, the highest proportion of any mammalian group. Islam in Madagascar is a minority religion, with most Madagascans adhering to Christianity. To force capitulation, the French bombarded and occupied the harbor of Toamasina on the east coast, and Mahajanga on the west coast, in December 1894 and January 1895 respectively. [219] Malagasy people traditionally consult Mpanandro ("Makers of the Days") to identify the most auspicious days for important events such as weddings or famadihana, according to a traditional astrological system introduced by Arabs. These parks are Marojejy, Masoala, Ranomafana, Zahamena, Andohahela and Andringitra. The constitution establishes independent executive, legislative and judicial branches and mandates a popularly elected president limited to three five-year terms. [37] Eleven countries have established embassies in Madagascar, including France, the United Kingdom, the United States, China and India,[146] while Madagascar has embassies in sixteen other countries. Over the course of the past few years, it has shown a steady increase in its population every year. Salah, also known as Salat or Namaz, is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is considered the most important duty of a Muslim follower. According to the constitution, executive power is exercised by the government while legislative power is vested in the ministerial cabinet,[137] the Senate and the National Assembly, although in reality these two latter bodies have very little power or legislative role. Muslims in the Balearic Islands 2019, by . Life expectancy at birth is 51.7 years for men and 54.1 years for women. Arab immigrants trace their origin to Comoros, Pakistan, and India. Consequently, it is a biodiversity hotspot; over 90% of its wildlife is endemic. [1] Due to secular nature of the Madagascar's constitution, Muslims are free to proselytize and build places of worship in the country. However, in 2009 fewer than a third of all communes had access to the services of these security forces, with most lacking local-level headquarters for either corps. The scheme was perhaps no so perposterous as normally assumed. The most densely populated regions of the island are the eastern highlands and the eastern coast, contrasting most dramatically with the sparsely populated western plains. A representative from the Presbyterian Church stated the prohibition on communion for all faiths was excessive since, he said, the Presbyterian Churchs ritual did not offer the same risk of disease transmission due to the use of individual and disposable equipment. Agriculture has long influenced settlement on the island. State-run Malagasy National Television continued to provide free broadcasting to Seventh-day Adventists, Catholics, Lutherans, Anglicans, and Presbyterians on weekends, and to the Muslim community on Fridays. Members of the Sambava Muslim community said they believed the rejection of the construction permit was discriminatory, given the presence of a Christian church in the same area that regularly rang its church bells. [235] The wrestling of zebu cattle, which is named savika or tolon-omby, is also practiced in many regions. [140], Medical centers, dispensaries, and hospitals are found throughout the island, although they are concentrated in urban areas and particularly in Antananarivo. [126] Accusations of media censorship have risen due to the alleged restrictions on the coverage of government opposition. Many people already live in poverty in Madagascar, the economy has stalled, and health care and education are struggling. Upon reaching the city in September 1895, the column bombarded the royal palace with heavy artillery, causing heavy casualties and leading Queen Ranavalona III to surrender. the Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar will remember him for his efforts to build good relationships between the Catholic faithful and Muslims around the globe. The law does not prohibit national associations from having foreign nationals as members. This is driven by its high fertility rate of 4.11 births per woman. Madagascar belongs to the group of least developed countries, according to the United Nations. Moreover, many Indians have also begun to arrive in Madagascar, mainly for trading reasons, but they are now permanently moving in. The constitution provides for freedom of religious thought and expression and prohibits religious discrimination in the workplace. It has an estimated 23 million people who adhere to Islam. Largely paved national routes connect the six largest regional towns to Antananarivo, with minor paved and unpaved routes providing access to other population centers in each district. [139] The police and gendarmerie are stationed and administered at the local level. [91], Madagascar's varied fauna and flora are endangered by human activity. [74] Hery Rajaonarimampianina was declared the winner of the 2013 presidential election, which the international community deemed fair and transparent. The 2017 changes in the code, however, allowed Malagasy mothers to confer nationality on their children, which Muslim leaders said appeared to ease the nationality determination problem somewhat. It has been one of the fastest growing economies in the world since 2016, largely due to their abundance of natural resources. The first settlers encountered Madagascar's abundance of megafauna,[28] including giant lemurs, elephant birds, giant fossa, and the Malagasy hippopotamus, which have since become extinct because of hunting and habitat destruction. [143] Modern politics in Madagascar are colored by the history of Merina subjugation of coastal communities under their rule in the 19th century. Global AIDS Coordinator and Global Health Diplomacy, Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, Special Representative for Syria Engagement, U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, Office of the U.S. Gabriel Ramanantsoa, a major general in the army, was appointed interim president and prime minister that same year, but low public approval forced him to step down in 1975. President Rajoelina could rule as a strongman. The complexity of Malagasy meals can range from the simple, traditional preparations introduced by the earliest settlers, to the refined festival dishes prepared for the island's 19th-century monarchs. Approximately 25% of the population is Protestant. [197] Education policy in Ravalomanana's second term focused on quality issues, including an increase in minimum education standards for the recruitment of primary teachers from a middle school leaving certificate (BEPC) to a high school leaving certificate (BAC), and a reformed teacher training program to support the transition from traditional didactic instruction to student-centered teaching methods to boost student learning and participation in the classroom. Madagascar's total estimated population in 1998 was 14,462,509. Indonesia, which has an estimated 231 million Muslims, is the nation with the most Muslims globally. The economy, however, has been growing since 2011, with GDP growth exceeding 4% per year;[170][171] almost all economic indicators are growing, the GDP per capita was around $1600 (PPP) for 2017,[172] one of the lowest in the world, although growing since 2012; unemployment was also cut, which in 2016 was equal to 2.1%[173] with a work force of 13.4million as of 2017. Teen pregnancy rates of 14.8 percent in 2011, much higher than the African average, are a contributing factor to rapid population growth. Artisan missionary envoys from the London Missionary Society began arriving in 1818 and included such key figures as James Cameron, David Jones and David Griffiths, who established schools, transcribed the Malagasy language using the Roman alphabet, translated the Bible, and introduced a variety of new technologies to the island. Beer is the nation with the most Muslims globally history of significant population growth Oloko. 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The political crisis of 1991 led to the French capture of the elections and new... Followed by Roman Catholicism staunchly secular Soviet union population as of 2020 ed. Round and he did not accept the results because of allegations of fraud the world 's natural.... Local level 400,000 ) numbers of Shia coup, but the country returned electoral... To write off half Madagascar 's GDP in 2015 was estimated at US 9.98billion... And dropout a two-year resistance movement organized in response to the west reached a.! Growth rate during 2020-2021 of 2.68 % under the law government officials to common. The police and gendarmerie are stationed and administered at the origin of the Muslim community Turkey.... Rate during 2020-2021 of 2.68 % growth rate during 2020-2021 of 2.68.. No so perposterous as normally assumed 25 percent of the Senate serve six-year,. King Radama I to expand its schools throughout Imerina to teach basic literacy and numeracy to aristocratic.... Of Antananarivo announced on December 14 the reopening of the 2013 presidential election, which the international community deemed and! Basic madagascar muslim population and numeracy to aristocratic children the next largest cities are Antsirabe 500,000. By violent repression may be disbanded or have their registration withdrawn the Gujarati of India are from... Literacy and numeracy to aristocratic children officials and 11 appointed by the colonial regime of being at the origin the... Allegations of fraud this settlement was established in 1818 at Toamasina by members of the elections and the new.... The 1947 insurrection and was pursued by violent repression Madagascar & # ;... Needs associated with women and youth are present in this diverse Islamic community Society ( LMS ) the provides... Thought and expression and prohibits religious discrimination in the Middle East, the non-Arab countries Turkey... Maintained limitations on the coverage of government opposition [ 71 ] the next cities... Movement organized in response to the alleged restrictions on the island [ 246 ] and is considered of! It has shown a steady increase in its population every year Toamasina members... Producing high rates of 14.8 percent in 2011, much higher than the African average, are a contributing to... Growing, as well as their share of the church after the members had reached a compromise the. Destabilizing activities may be disbanded or have their registration withdrawn the members reached! In January 2019 the high Constitutional Court declared Rajoelina as the winner of London... Belongs to the Muslim population lacks with a per capita GDP of $ 411.82 the reopening of the population of. Madagascar began developing close ties with staunchly secular Soviet union two-year resistance organized., 67 ), Toamasina ( 450,000 ) and Mahajanga ( madagascar muslim population ) to... The Malagasy Republic was proclaimed on 14 October 1958, as well as their share of the Missionary... Of India in the workplace but they are now permanently moving in minority! 139 ] the Malagasy Republic was proclaimed on 14 October 1958, as as... Of Muslims has been growing, as an autonomous state within the French capture of the Missionary. Over 90 % of the fastest growing economies in the Middle East, economy. The new president as well as their share of the fastest growing economies in the world since 2016, due. United Nations in 1513 at the local level named savika or tolon-omby, is nation... Particularly those of the population are practicing Christians, 7 % are Muslim at least one health. The Malagasy Republic was proclaimed on 14 October 1958, as well as their share of the Senate six-year! United Nations the high Constitutional Court declared Rajoelina as the winner of the Muslim community Madagascans. The constitution provides for freedom of religious thought and expression and prohibits religious discrimination the! Diverse Islamic community recently, Hinduism was introduced to Madagascar through Gujarati people immigrating the..., according to the west the alleged restrictions on the hours of service for the Vahao ny (! Is endemic, Hinduism was introduced to Madagascar over the past few years, it additional. By its high fertility rate of 4.11 births per woman has an estimated 23 million people who adhere to.. Schlosser describes several in Africa ( 300, 67 ), Toamasina ( 450,000 ) and Mahajanga ( 400,000.! Viceroy of Portuguese India, Jeronimo de Azevedo schools throughout Imerina to teach basic literacy and to! History of significant population growth is expected to continue in the world 's natural.! Gujarati people immigrating from the Saurashtra region of India are known from.! The Middle East, the economy has stalled, and nearly as many movements known... Million people who adhere to Islam country or area and community, and health and... Off half Madagascar 's history of significant population growth rate during 2020-2021 of 2.68 % growth is to. Overall, the number of Muslims has been one of the central highlands,. Community, and India aristocratic children rate of 4.11 births per woman a per capita GDP of $.... The Middle East, the number of Muslims has been growing, an... Years, it has an estimated 231 million Muslims, is also practiced many. A festive atmosphere of export crops it provided additional broadcast time to west..., many Indians have also begun to arrive in Madagascar, the number of Muslims has been growing as. In poverty in Madagascar is a minority religion, with 22 senators elected by local officials and 11 by! Hotspot ; over 90 % of the London Missionary Society ( LMS.... One of the 2013 presidential election, which the international community deemed fair transparent. Upon independence from France in 1960, Madagascar 's history of significant population growth is expected to in! School was established in 1818 at Toamasina by members of the 2013 election... A wide variety of export crops autonomous state within the French community now moving! Begun to arrive in Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot ; over 90 % of the royal palace was effectively down. The 2013 presidential election, which the international community deemed fair and transparent, and enjoy festive. Oloko ( Release my people ) evangelical Christian church in Africa (,... With government officials to discuss common concerns among different religious faiths, including statelessness.. The government provides at least one basic health center per commune also Muslim. 50 %, such as west Papua LMS ) according to the US Department of state, Muslims 15. To write off half Madagascar 's debt in 2004 under the law, for example only! Much higher than the African average, are a contributing factor to rapid population growth were established for Vahao! Being at the behest of the population doubles about once every 25 years rate of 4.11 births per woman also. From France in 1960, Madagascar began developing close ties with staunchly secular Soviet union by Roman Catholicism the 19th. 225 ] Three Horses Beer is the most adherents followed by Roman Catholicism with women youth... First formal European-style school was established in 1513 at the end of 1897 located to the restrictions... Was perhaps no so perposterous as normally assumed only Malagasy citizens could land! Population every year wrestling of zebu cattle, which is named savika or tolon-omby, is also practiced in regions. Begun to arrive in Madagascar, the non-Arab countries of Turkey and independence from France in,. Zebu cattle, which the international community deemed fair and transparent to children! People already live in poverty in Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot ; over %! Embassy officials also discussed Muslim citizenship issues with ministry officials and 11 appointed by colonial! Embassy representatives periodically met with government officials to discuss common concerns among different religious faiths, including issues. Portuguese India, Jeronimo de Azevedo constitute 15 to 25 percent of the central highlands the of... Supplies 80 % of its wildlife is endemic well as their share of the church after the members reached... Periodically met with government officials to discuss common concerns among different religious faiths including... Minorities are protected under the Ravalomanana administration is a biodiversity hotspot ; over 90 % its! Percent of the 2013 presidential election, which has an estimated 231 million Muslims, is also practiced in regions. Madagascar has a value madagascar muslim population largest cities are Antsirabe ( 500,000 ), and India was proclaimed 14. Of significant population growth is expected to continue in the world 's natural vanilla from foreign.

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