burma railway prisoners of war list

[57][58], In addition to malnutrition and physical abuse, malaria, cholera, dysentery and tropical ulcers were common contributing factors in the death of workers on the Burma Railway. These coolies have been brought from Malaya under false pretenses 'easy work, good pay, good houses!' Records of Naval Operating Forces, RG 313. Most of the railway was dismantled shortly after the war. Some 30 000 of these prisoners of war later worked on the ThaiBurma railway. Deel 8 De tragedie van de Birma-Siam Spoorweg", "The Railway Man: Australian keeps legacy of Thailand's 'Death Railway' alive helping relatives of POWs gain closure", Captive Audiences/Captive Performers: Music and Theatre as Strategies for Survival on the Thailand-Burma Railway 19421945, Works of Ashley George Old held by the State Library of Victoria. In mid-1942, large numbers of POWs began to be transported to Thailand and Burma for the construction of the Thai-Burma Railway. 37,583 prisoners from the United Kingdom, Commonwealth and Dominions, 28,500 from Netherlands and 14,473 from the United States were released after the surrender of Japan. Updates? More than 250 miles of railway, from Thanbyuzayat in Burma to Ban Pong in Thailand, remained to be constructed, much of it through mountainous country and dense jungle, in a region with one of the worst climates in the world.The Japanese aimed at completing the railway in 14 months, or at least by the end of l943. All nationalities listed by camp and/or party. Some rosters show if living, dead or killed in action (KIA), cause of death and burial site. The railway, built by the Empire of Japan in 1943 to support its attack on the British colony of Burma, used forced labour, including Asian civilians and Allied prisoners of war, many thousands of . Contact our Media sales & Licensing team about access, whole: Dimensions: 30x21cm., Pagination: [5] leaves 4 plans. Organization of the Labor. ", "Yamashita: the greatest Japanese general of World War II? The full year membership runs from August to the end of July the following year. At main camps such as Chungkai, Tamarkan, Non Pladuk and Thanbyuzayat were "base Hospitals" which were also huts of bamboo and thatch, staffed by such medical officers and orderlies as were allowed by the Japanese to care for the sick prisoners. BURMA-04_roster (WO 361-2204) - British and American POWs at Burma Camp 6, later IV. In one raid alone on the Non Pladuk area, where the camp was located amongst sidings holding petrol, ammunition and store trains protected by an anti-aircraft post, and prisoners were not allowed to leave the huts.95 were killed and 300 wounded. Repeated reconnaissance flights over the Burma end of the railway started early in 1943, followed by bombings at intervals. Map Created by Philip Cross July 2000. Much of the excavation was carried out with inadequate hand tools, and, because work on the railway had fallen behind schedule, the pace of work was increased. [9] Much of the construction materials, including tracks and sleepers, were brought from dismantled branches of Malaya's Federated Malay States Railway network and the East Indies' various rail networks. This was the same time at which Australians in A Force left Changi for Burma. The British POWs suffered the highest number of dead of any Allied group on the ThaiBurma railway. A Bill Aldag Fergus Anckorn Charles Groves Wright Anderson Ken Anderson (politician) Harold Atcherley B Henri Baaij Edmund W. Barker Theo Bot Russell Braddon Jim Bradley (British Army officer) Gerard Bruggink C John Carrick (Australian politician) Johannes Gijsbertus de Casparis Forde Everard de Wend Cayley Fred Chadwick Jack Bridger Chalker [71], A first wooden railroad bridge over the Khwae Yai was finished in February 1943, which was soon accompanied by a more modern ferro-concrete bridge in June 1943, with both bridges running in a NNESSW direction across the river. However, the British would form only a minority of the Allied POWs in Burma. A lower death rate among Dutch POWs and internees, relative to those from the UK and Australia, has been linked to the fact that many personnel and civilians taken prisoner in the Dutch East Indies had been born there, were long-term residents and/or had Eurasian ancestry; they tended thus to be more resistant to tropical diseases and to be better acclimatized than other Western Allied personnel. WAR Graves - Burma - Siam Railway On 6th December 1948 an expedition consisting of an officer, one Siamese interpreter, two police guards, one cook and one general duties coolie, left Kanburi for Takanun by motor boat. These pages are dedicated to my father Ken Heyes (Lance Corporal, 1st Aust Corps Troop Supply Column AIF, POW), his good friend, Ernie Badham and all the other brave soldiers who spent so many years in the hell-holes that were the Japanese P.O.W camps during World War II. Donate to COFEPOW instantly - simply click on the button below. The construction of the railway has been the subject of a novel and an award-winning film, The Bridge on the River Kwai (itself an adaptation of the French language novel The Bridge over the River Kwai); a novel, The Narrow Road to the Deep North by Richard Flanagan, and a large number of personal accounts of POW experiences. [61], Weight loss among Allied officers who worked on construction was, on average, 914kg (2030lb) less than that of enlisted personnel. From late 1942 more than 13 000 Australians were sent from Singapore, Java and Timor to work on the ThaiBurma railway. The Australian, British, Dutch and other Allied prisoners of war, along with Chinese, Malay, and Tamil labourers, were required by the Japanese to complete the cutting. WATCH VIDEO NOW : Captain (doctor) Peter Hendry - part 1: Prisoner of War Experiences. [32], One of the most notable portions of the entire railway line is Bridge 277, the so-called "Bridge on the River Kwai", which was built over a stretch of the river that was then known as part of the Mae Klong River. Among the Allied POWs were some 30,000 British, 13,000 Australians, 18,000 Dutch, and 700 Americans. Records of the Army Staff, RG 319. The Japanese kept no records and it was impossible for anyone else to do so, nor were the graves marked, but between 80,000 and 100,000 perished. The rail line was built along the Khwae Noi (Kwai) River valley to support the Japanese armed forces during the Burma Campaign. About 60,000 were sent to work on the railway; 13,000 of them were Australian. Articles on the Australian medical personnel working on the railway. Construction was extremely difficult, with the route crossing through thick, mosquito-infested jungle and uneven terrain while monsoon conditions prevailed. Taff suffered from dysentery, malaria, beri beri and cholera but, unlike so many, he survived. Konkoita is approximately 263 kilometres north of Nong Pladuk (also known as Non Pladuk), or 151 kilometres south of Thanbyuzayat. Two hundred men were housed in each barracks, giving each man a two-foot wide space in which to live and sleep. On 8 December 1941, Japan invaded Thailand which quickly surrendered. Listed under D-Day - The Normandy Invasion. Javanese, Malayan Tamils of Indian origin, Burmese, Chinese, Thai, and other Southeast Asians, forcibly drafted by the Imperial Japanese Army to work on the railway, died in its construction. [62], At the end of World War II, 111 Japanese military officials were tried for war crimes for their brutality during the construction of the railway. Other parties were employed on cutting and building roads, some through virgin jungle, or in building defence positions. [25][26] After the accident, it was decided to end the line at Nam Tok and reuse the remainder to rehabilitate the line. Railway Construction Camp - Kanya, Thailand. Red Cross parcels helped, but these were invariably held up by the Japanese. Burma-Siam Railway 1942-1945, Second World War. Labor furnished by prisoners of war shall have no direct relation with war operations. As before, their food and accommodation were minor considerations. This section of the railway became known as Hellfire Pass because of the harsh and extremely difficult working conditions. Most of the prisoners of the Japanese were Australian Army about 21 000. The horrendous experiences endured by the thousands of POWs has made the Burma Railway a place of pilgrimage and commemoration. The construction of the railway is a heartbreaking story of forced labor, with more than 60,000 Allied prisoners of war . Presidio Pr; ISBN: 0891415777. RM 2CYBAYN - Military personnel and people attend a dawn memorial service for soldiers who died during World War Two on ANZAC Day at Hellfire Pass in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand, April 25, 2015. Over 60,000 prisoners worked on its construction, the majority of whom were British, and some 20% died before release in 1945. It gives a narrative and pictorial account of life in POW camps north of Australia during World War II. The British people were now resigned to the fact that Hitler had to be stopped by force. The two sections of the line met at kilometre 263, about 18km (11mi) south of the Three Pagodas Pass at Konkoita (nowadays: Kaeng Khoi Tha, Sangkhla Buri District, Kanchanaburi Province). These activities engaged numerous POWs as actors, singers, musicians, designers, technicians, and female impersonators. They have no latrines. The majority of the army personnel were from the 8th Division. Some have even brought wives and children. When the Japanese conquered much of South East Asia in late 1941 and early 1942 they captured more than 50 000 British military personnel. Burma Thailand Railway Memorial Association, Remembering the sufferings of POW's on the Burma-Thai Railway. The overwhelming majority of Allied POWs were from Commonwealth countries; they included approximately 22,000 Australians (of whom 21,000 were from the Australian Army, 354 from the Royal Australian Navy, and 373 from the Royal Australian Air Force), more than 50,000 British troops, and at least 25,000 Indian troops. Japanese soldiers, 12,000 of them, including 800 Koreans, were employed on the railway as engineers, guards, and supervisors of the POW and rmusha labourers. Contact our Media sales & Licensing team about access. Surviving Australian veterans will attend a commemorative . Map of Prisoner of War Camps. The quality of medical care received by different groups of prisoners varied enormously. 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On 26 October 1942, British prisoners of war arrived at Tamarkan to construct the bridge. Only the first 130 kilometres (81mi) of the line in Thailand remained, with trains still running as far north as Nam Tok. [73], The two bridges were successfully bombed and damaged on 13 February 1945 by bomber aircraft from the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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